Vitamin D Deficiency Effect on Retina in Children: Review Article

Document Type : Review article

Authors

1 M M.B.B. Ch (Zagazig University,2013) Resident of Ophthalmology, Qenayat general hospital.

2 Professor of Ophthalmology, Faculty of medicine - Suez Canal university.

3 Professor of Pediatrics, Faculty of medicine – Suez Canal university.

4 Lecturer of Ophthalmology, Faculty of medicine - Suez Canal university.

Abstract

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A number of ophthalmological conditions that significantly impact the structure and function of the retina have been associated with vitamin D deficiency. These conditions include glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and optic neuritis. Each of these disorders can lead to varying degrees of visual impairment or even blindness if not properly managed. Recent studies have highlighted the potential role of vitamin D not only in maintaining general ocular health but also in modulating inflammatory and immune responses within retinal tissues. Vitamin D is believed to influence both the functional and anatomical integrity of the retina through its effects on cellular processes such as apoptosis, oxidative stress reduction, and neuroprotection. Additionally, evidence suggests that vitamin D may play a part in the pathological mechanisms underlying certain retinal diseases, possibly by regulating angiogenesis and reducing retinal vascular abnormalities. These findings underscore the importance of maintaining adequate vitamin D levels for retinal health and disease prevention.

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History

  • Receive Date: 18 May 2025
  • Accept Date: 02 June 2025

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